Adding auditory stimuli can significantly enhance visual, vestibular, and biomechanical vections. Researchers have induced circular vection by mechanically rotating a buzzer around a subject in the dark or by presenting sound sequentially in one of several speakers arranged in a circular array. Most of the research has focused on eliciting circular vection horizontally about the body. Auditory-induced vection can only be elicited in about 25% to 75% of the participants under laboratory conditions, and only when participants are blindfolded. Inducing vection can also induce motion sickness in susceptible individuals.Ĭompared to visually-induced vection, auditorily-induced vection is generally weaker. During roll vection, the observer feels like they have rotated around the line of sight and the disk has stayed stationary. During linear vection, the observer feels like they have moved forwards or backwards and the stimulus has stayed stationary. During circular vection, the observer feels like they are rotating and the drum is stationary. Common sorts of vection include circular vection, where an observer is placed at the center of rotation of a large vertically-oriented rotating drum, usually painted with vertical stripes linear vection, where an observer views a field that either approaches or recedes and roll vection, where an observer views a patterned disk rotating around their line of sight. For example, when one is in a train at a station, and a nearby train moves, one can have the illusion that one's own train has moved in the opposite direction. When a large part of the visual field moves, viewers feel like they have moved and that the world is stationary. Through various stimuli, people can be made to feel as if they are moving when they are not, not moving when they are, tilted when they are not, or not tilted when they are. This includes an illusion of inversion, in which one feels like they're tumbling backwards. There are also specific self-motion illusions that can occur through abnormal stimulation of various parts of the vestibular system, often encountered in aviation. People experience themselves being pulled heavily in one direction. Vertigo is not associated with illusory self-motion as it does not typically make you feel as though you are moving however, in a subclass of vertigo known as subjective vertigo one does experience their own motion. Disorders of the visual system can lead to dizziness, vertigo, and feelings of instability. The vestibular system is one of the major sources of information about one's own motion. One can experience illusory movements of the whole body or of individual body parts, such as arms or legs. Illusions of self-motion (or "vection") occur when one perceives bodily motion despite no movement taking place. Diagram of possible illusions of self-motions (vections).
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